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- <text id=93TT1819>
- <title>
- May 31, 1993: E Is For Eluding Heart Disease
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- May 31, 1993 Dr. Death: Dr. Jack Kevorkian
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- HEALTH, Page 57
- E Is For Eluding Heart Disease
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>New studies show that big daily doses of the vitamin may
- dramatically cut the risk of clogged arteries
- </p>
- <p>By CHRISTINE GORMAN--With reporting by Janice M. Horowitz/New
- York
- </p>
- <p> Vitamin E's ribald reputation as a sexual enhancer has made
- it one of the most ballyhooed--and best-selling--of all
- dietary supplements. Truth is, E does little to lift the libido
- but it does appear to influence matters of the heart vitally.
- Two studies, reported in last week's New England Journal of
- Medicine, found that people who swallowed large doses of the
- vitamin in pill form--at least 10 times the daily allotment
- recommended by the U.S. government--had a nearly 40% lower
- risk of heart disease than those who consumed more modest doses.
- That two studies, involving a total of more than 120,000 people,
- came to the same conclusion was especially striking, says Dr.
- Meir Stampfer, who directed one of the studies at Boston's Brigham
- and Women's Hospital. "Sometimes, things pop up by chance, but
- to see it twice, that's when you start to believe it."
- </p>
- <p> The studies followed 87,000 female nurses ages 34 to 59 and
- 40,000 male health professionals ages 40 to 75 for a period
- of four to eight years. Participants were not actually given
- the vitamins; instead, they made their own choices and were
- questioned repeatedly about all aspects of their health habits
- and diets. Those who took more vitamins tended to exercise more
- and have a somewhat healthier life-style, but even when researchers
- corrected for such differences, there was a major advantage
- for those who took at least 100 units of the nutrient daily
- for at least two years. Significantly, those who took just the
- recommended daily allowance (10 units), which can be obtained
- from such foods as nuts, whole-grain bread and vegetable oil,
- or even three times that amount showed no such advantage. On
- the other hand, there was no greater benefit in taking more
- than 100 units, the amount of E in some brands of multiple-vitamin
- pills popular in the U.S.
- </p>
- <p> The studies provide some of the best evidence so far that the
- popular practice of ingesting large amounts of vitamins may
- turn out to be more than just an expensive fad. Still, experts
- caution that the research does not provide a conclusive link
- between vitamin E and healthy hearts. "We cannot yet make public-policy
- recommendations," says Claude Lenfant, director of the U.S.
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. "We need randomized
- trials" in which the subjects do not know if they are taking
- the vitamin.
- </p>
- <p> Chances are that if the protective effect is real, then the
- explanation lies in vitamin E's ability to prevent oxidation
- of fatty compounds in the blood--the same biochemical reaction
- that turns butter rancid. Researchers believe that when low-density
- lipoprotein, the "bad cholesterol," is oxidized, it builds up
- more easily on artery walls. By blocking oxidation, vitamin
- E may counteract some of the risk of heart attack associated
- with LDL.
- </p>
- <p> Should people start stocking up on vitamin E? Not necessarily.
- Although most scientists believe that large doses are not toxic
- in the short term, no one knows about safety over the long run.
- Some researchers caution that taken in such large amounts, the
- supplement is no longer a vitamin but a drug and should be thoroughly
- tested. In any case, vitamin supplements cannot substitute for
- good health habits. Unfortunately for those who want a quick
- fix, getting plenty of exercise, cutting down on dietary fat
- and quitting smoking remain far better prescriptions for preventing
- heart disease than anything one can obtain from a vitamin bottle.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
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